San Clemente Island goats
San Clemente Island goats
San Clemente Island goats developed naturally when domestic goats were allowed to run feral on San Clemente Island, 68 miles (110 km) west of San Diego, California. Although the exact ancestry of the San Clemente Island goats is a mystery, researchers believe they were brought to the island from neighboring Santa Catalina Island in 1875, and that the San Clemente Island goat evolved from these Spanish goats.
History of San Clemente Island goats
In 1934, the U.S. Navy took ownership of San Clemente Island, and a 1972 census found 15,000–18,000 goats living on the 57 square mile (91.7 sq km) island. These animal goats were destroying the natural ecosystem of the island.
To restore the natural habitat of this goat breed, the Navy began best goat eradication programs that would continue until April 1991 when the island was completely goat-free. Meanwhile, about 6,000 live animals were brought back to the mainland to be rehomed. However, many males were neutered, so only a small breeding population survived. San Clemente Island goats are present in worldwide but consider as one of the rarest domestic animal breeds in the world. There are only an estimated 250 San Clemente Island goats worldwide, and they are listed as critically endangered by the American Livestock Breeds Conservancy.
Characteristics of San Clemente Island goats
The San Clemente Island goat is a small breed, with males, or bucks, averaging 23.6 inches (60 cm) in height and females, or does, measuring 22.4 inches (56.8 cm). This small size is likely the result of insular dwarfism from adaptation to island life. These goats have tan to dark red coats with black markings. They are most similar to deer, lean and have graceful movements that are considered "deer-like". Both males and females have horns, and it is not unusual for females to display unusual, or extra, teats on their udders.
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